US Banking Access Index for Non-Resident Founders (2026)

Which US business banking providers actually accept founders who live outside the US — documented from provider-published sources, not anecdotes. 19 providers, 239 claims that survived independent re-verification against the original source pages. Where a provider publishes nothing, the cell says so instead of guessing.

Last verified: July 2026CC BY 4.0 — cite with attribution239 verified claims
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JSON carries the full evidence quotes · CSV is the acceptance matrix

Provider country lists change without notice

Re-verified quarterly against the source pages. Leave an email to get the diff when cells change — which providers opened, which closed, with the new source quotes.

How to read this table

✓
Explicitly accepted
The provider publishes an acceptance statement covering founders resident in this country.
✕
Explicitly restricted
The founder is barred — but by three different kinds of evidence, from a named prohibited list down to a blanket rule that names no country at all. Every restricted cell says which; see below.
○
No published restriction
Not on the provider’s published restricted list, but no explicit acceptance statement either. Absence of restriction is not acceptance.
—
No published policy found
No citable provider-published policy found either way.

“No published policy found” is four different situations

39 of the 152 country cells resolve to unknown. Reviewing them together showed they were not one state but four, and the difference changes what you should do next — so every unknown cell now carries a second field naming which one it is, and a citation recording where we looked. “We could not find it” is only useful to you if you can see where we searched.

—
No policy published
The provider publishes no country-of-residence policy anywhere we looked. The citation on this cell is the page such a policy would live on.
—
Named, but not as residency policy
Provider material names this country — as a wire destination, for spend-management support, in marketing, or as a country of incorporation. None of those is evidence about founder residency.
—
Absent from a non-exhaustive list
The provider publishes a supported-country list that is explicitly non-exhaustive, so this country’s absence from it carries no information in either direction.
—
Provider pages conflict
Two live provider pages disagree and the provider publishes no single verdict. This is an unresolved conflict, not an absence of information.

“Explicitly restricted” is three different situations

61 cells resolve to restricted, and only 9 of them name the country on a published prohibited list. In 40, the provider names no country anywhere — the bar comes from a blanket rule such as “US citizens or permanent residents only”. The answer you get is the same in both cases, and it is correct in both. What differs is how much is published about you specifically, which is what you need if you plan to ask the provider or appeal. So each restricted cell now names its evidence type too.

✕
Named on a prohibited list
The provider publishes a prohibited or unsupported country list and this country appears on it by name. This is the strongest form of restriction evidence in the index.
✕
Absent from a closed eligibility list
The provider publishes an eligibility list that its own wording makes exhaustive — residence in a listed country is stated as a requirement, not an example. Absence from a closed list is a deduction from what the provider stated, not an inference from silence.
✕
Derived from a blanket rule
The provider names no countries anywhere. The restriction follows from a blanket rule — US citizens or permanent residents only, or foreign business customers cannot apply. The conclusion holds for the reader, but no country-level source exists behind this cell.

Acceptance by country of residence

ProviderNon-resident stanceDetailsIndiaChinaUKCanadaPakistanNigeriaTurkeyBrazil
MercuryAccepts non-resident founders○○○○✕✕○○
RelayConditional○○✓✓✕✕○○
Wise BusinessConditional✕✕✓✓✕✕✕✕
PayoneerAccepts non-resident founders✓✓✓✓✓———
BrexConditional————————
NovoUS residents/persons only✕✕✕✕✕✕✕✕
BluevineConditional✓—✓✓————
FoundUS residents/persons only✕✕✕✕✕✕✕✕
LiliConditional✓✓✓✓✕✕✕✓
NorthOneSupersededUS residents/persons only✕✕✕✕✕✕✕✕
Airwallex (US)Accepts non-resident founders○○○○✕✕✕○
SlashAccepts non-resident founders○———✕———
MeowConditional✓○✓✓○—✓✓
RhoConditional○○○○○○○○
Revolut BusinessConditional✓✕✓✓✕✕✕✓
Grasshopper BankUS residents/persons only✕✕✕✕✕✕✕✕
Chase Business BankingConditional————————
Bank of America Small BusinessUS residents/persons only✕✕✕✕✕✕✕✕
Wells Fargo Business BankingUS residents/persons only————————

Hover any cell for the underlying note. Country columns describe the founder's country of residence, not the LLC's state of formation. Full evidence quotes are in the JSON download and in each provider's detail card below.

Details column — one icon per dimension of the provider's card: owner ID, account rails, receiving from abroad, card issuance, onboarding, phone & 2FA. Color tracks the published state: green = published positive, amber = conditional or partial, red = published restriction, gray = no published statement. Hover for the value; click to jump to the cited sources.

Shortlisted a provider? Compare fees, FDIC structure, and features side by side →

Provider details and sources

Mercury

Fintech
Accepts non-resident founders · Banking services via Choice Financial Group; Column N.A.
Entity requirement
Requires a company formed and registered in the US or a US territory with existing or planned US operations; foreign-owned US companies supported. MSBs, adult entertainment, cannabis, internet gambling, trusts excluded.[1]
Owner residency & IDPassport-based ID accepted
No US citizenship or residency required to apply, per provider's help center; international applicants may provide a passport as ID; SSN/ITIN not listed among required application documents.[1][2]
Account railsOwn ACH routing + account number
Demand deposit accounts with own routing and account numbers at partner banks Choice Financial Group and Column N.A.; customers hold direct contractual agreements with the partner banks.[1][2]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
Accepts inbound international wires in 139 non-USD currencies via both partner banks, auto-converted to USD on arrival — the account cannot hold a non-USD balance. The inbound FX cost depends on which partner bank the account sits at: Mercury states Column N.A. "converts incoming funds to USD at the mid-market rate" while Choice Financial Group "uses third-party intermediary banks that typically add a 2-3% markup to the exchange rate." Choice accounts additionally require the sender to populate Remittance Information (Section 70) or the wire may be delayed or returned.[1]
Card issuance†Publishes a card country list
Publishes a two-tier card-issuance country list distinct from account eligibility. Tier 1 (31 countries incl. Nigeria, Vietnam, Russia): neither physical nor virtual cards issued to residents. Tier 2 (15 countries incl. China, India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Philippines, Nepal, Sri Lanka): physical mail blocked, virtual cards still issuable and usable immediately. Elsewhere international shipping runs via Deutsche Post (2-3 weeks); shipments to Bahrain/Israel/Kuwait/Oman/Qatar/Saudi Arabia/UAE paused at access date.[1][2]
FDIC structure
Not an FDIC-insured bank; pass-through FDIC insurance via Choice Financial Group and Column N.A. and their Sweep Program Network Banks. OCC conditional approval (April 2026) for Mercury to establish its own chartered bank is pending.[1][2]
OnboardingFully remote
Provider's FAQ states applicants need not be physically in the US or a US resident; required documents are formation documents, IRS EIN document, and photo ID. No in-person or video-KYC step is published.[1]
Phone & 2FA†No published VoIP policyTOTP + passkey
2FA is fully phone-number-independent: SMS is not offered as a 2FA method at all — authenticator app (TOTP), security key, or passkey required. The published application-requirements checklist lists no phone number of any kind (silence-read of a complete checklist, not an affirmative statement). No published VoIP/virtual-number policy found (help-center searches for 'phone number' and 'Google Voice' plus full reads of the 2FA and eligibility articles).[1][2]
Marketplace payouts
Provider publishes support for marketplace/processor payouts (Shopify, Stripe, Amazon, Etsy) via the account's own account and routing numbers; instant RTP payouts limited to accounts at partner bank Column N.A.[1][2]
Provider-published country list: source
Reading notes (6)
  • Country entries marked 'no published restriction' reflect absence from Mercury's prohibited-countries list only; Mercury states eligibility is determined following a full review of each application, and no page affirms acceptance for any specific residence country.
  • The list runs to 48 countries plus 4 sanctioned regions and reaches well past the eight columned in this index; it is scoped to where a founder LIVES, not to citizenship. A reader whose country has no column here learns nothing from that absence — read the linked list. Named on it and not columned: Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Nepal, Venezuela and Angola, and — against the assumption that Europe is safe — Albania, Croatia and Latvia, the last two EU member states (verified against the list 2026-07-15).
  • Mercury's published residence restrictions are stated for founders and financial controllers; no published statement addresses a passive 25%+ beneficial owner resident in a prohibited country.
  • Registered agent addresses, P.O. boxes, and UPS Store addresses are not accepted for the company's principal place of business; residential addresses are accepted.
  • Partner-bank structure is in transition: OCC conditional approval (April 2026) for Mercury's own bank charter is pending, and one FAQ section still names former partner Evolve Bank & Trust; the FDIC entry reflects the Choice/Column structure as of 2026-07-08.
  • No published statement addresses video-KYC or personal proof-of-address requirements for individual owners; the remote-onboarding entry rests on the provider's statement that physical US presence is not required.

Relay

Fintech
Conditional · Banking services via Thread Bank; Community Federal Savings Bank (international payments, facilitated by Nium)
Entity requirement
Requires a US-registered entity with a US operating presence; foreign-owned US LLCs accepted per provider's help center. LLC applications require an EIN and a physical US business address.[1]
Owner residency & IDPassport-based ID accepted
SSN or passport number accepted; non-US citizens verify identity with passport only, per provider's help center. The same page states the owner's personal address is a physical US address; ITIN is not mentioned.[1]
Account railsOwn ACH routing + account number
Business checking with its own account and routing number at partner Thread Bank, supporting ACH transfers, wires, and checks. International payments are provided by Community Federal Savings Bank, facilitated by Nium. Per the binding Deposit Account Agreement, the Standard Checking Account carries five tiers, and the lowest — Basic (Tier D) — is the tier the agreement names for "U.S. based entities with foreign beneficial owners", who "may be placed in this tier at account opening at Relay's sole discretion"; that tier caps incoming ACH at $2,000/day and $5,000/month, against $100,000/day at the Default (Tier B).[1][2]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
Receives inbound international wires over SWIFT (USD and other currencies) and over Local Network rails for EUR, GBP and CAD — but only after the holder explicitly activates the feature and designates one checking account as the international-wire deposit account. Relay holds funds in USD only; non-USD wires are converted after receipt. A sender name that does not match the business name or a Beneficial Owner on file can cause the wire to be returned.[1]
Card issuance†Cards ship to US addresses only
Physical and virtual Visa cards; physical cards cannot be shipped outside the US — for an internationally-resident owner the card product is virtual-only in practice. Virtual cards activate immediately on creation with no published residency restriction beyond account eligibility.[1][2]
FDIC structure
Relay is a financial technology company, not an FDIC-insured bank; deposits are held at Thread Bank, Member FDIC, with pass-through coverage extendable up to $3,000,000 via Thread Bank's program-bank deposit sweep.[1]
OnboardingFully remote
Per a provider blog post, non-residents from many countries can open an account online from overseas, providing passport, a physical US address, company details, and income and source-of-funds information.[1]
Phone & 2FA†No published VoIP policyTOTP supported
Signup checklist requires 'a valid U.S. phone number' — but Relay's own 2FA article states a non-US number can be used for 2FA; both statements are help-center T1 and are recorded verbatim without resolution. SMS 2FA is the default; authenticator-app (TOTP) available by contacting support; email magic links are the default for new-device logins. Vendor explicitly recommends app-based 2FA for owners travelling abroad. No published VoIP policy (4 articles + site search, all read in full).[1][2][3]
Provider-published country list: source
Reading notes (8)
  • Relay's prohibited-countries list applies to citizenship or residency: a resident of a non-listed country who holds citizenship of a listed country falls under the restriction.
  • The prohibited-countries list is set by Relay's banking partner and displays no publication or update date; it can change without notice.
  • The list runs to 31 countries of citizenship or residency and reaches well past the eight columned in this index. A reader whose country has no column here learns nothing from that absence — read the linked list. Named on it and not columned: Venezuela, Cambodia, Ethiopia, Haiti, Lebanon, Nicaragua, Ukraine and Bosnia and Herzegovina, among others (verified against the list 2026-07-15).
  • Relay's help center states each beneficial owner's personal address is a physical US address, while also stating it accepts owners based outside the US; Relay's published pages do not reconcile the two statements.
  • The remote-onboarding description comes from a provider marketing blog post, not the help center; no in-person or video-KYC requirement is published either way.
  • ITIN is not mentioned on Relay's published pages; the stated identifiers are SSN or passport number.
  • Acceptance is not the end of the question at Relay, and the constraint is one-directional. The Deposit Account Agreement's Basic (Tier D) — the tier it names for US entities with foreign beneficial owners — caps incoming ACH at $2,000/day while permitting $400,000/day outgoing and $200,000/day by domestic wire. A foreign-owned US LLC can therefore be approved, and pay out normally, while being unable to receive ordinary customer ACH payments. Wires are not subject to the incoming cap.
  • Tier assignment is explicitly discretionary and unpublished: Relay "reserve[s] the right to assign, modify, or reassign your account tier and any associated transaction limits at any time, in our sole discretion, without prior notice to you", stating only that tiering "may be based on various factors, including but not limited to, transaction history, volume, risk profile, and account activity". No page states which applicants land in Basic, nor how to leave it. The agreement directs the customer to log in to see their own limits — so this cell cannot be resolved from published sources for any specific applicant.

Wise Business

Fintech
Conditional
Entity requirement
Per Wise's help center, US business verification requires business name, company type, EIN, and a physical trading address (not registered-agent or virtual). Nevada and US-territory entities cannot onboard.[1]
Owner residency & IDPassport-based ID accepted
Non-US beneficial owners are asked for a photo ID copy, not an SSN; SSN applies to owners resident in the US or holding a US passport. SSN/ITIN is tied to living in the US; non-US citizens are asked for a non-US ID.[1][2]
Account railsVirtual / collection account
Wise states USD account details are not a bank account: an own account and routing number (ending 3150, 9519, or 9628) presenting as Checking, with incoming payments processed by an unnamed partner institution.[1]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
USD account details receive locally (ACH, domestic wire) and internationally via SWIFT, provided USD details are available in the holder's region — Wise notes USD account details are not offered in some regions. Where they are not, Wise documents a workaround: receive USD via SWIFT into GBP account details using the GBP IBAN and SWIFT/BIC. Wise charges a fee to receive SWIFT payments and states correspondent banks may charge their own; Wise also rejects SWIFT payments that arrive without the recipient's address.[1]
Card issuance†Publishes a card country list
Business card availability is enumerated by account country (EEA/UK/CH + US, Canada, Singapore, Japan, Philippines, Australia, NZ, Brazil; Malaysia business explicitly excluded). India and Pakistan are absent from the availability lists — recorded as absence-from-list, not a stated ban. Digital cards follow the same country eligibility as physical (a non-eligible country of residence blocks replacement of both physical and digital) — the virtual-card workaround does NOT exist at Wise. International delivery is an option for some regions; US delivery-address temporarily unavailable for cards issued from other regions.[1][2][3]
FDIC structure
Wise is a Money Services Business, not an FDIC-insured bank. Pass-through FDIC coverage (up to 250,000 USD; Program Bank JPMorgan Chase) applies only via opt-in to the interest feature, gated to US-based customers.[1]
OnboardingFully remote
Identity verification is document-based per Wise's help articles (photo ID; ID plus selfie as a fallback), with no in-person step described. Wise publishes no explicit fully-remote statement.[1]
Phone & 2FA†No published VoIP policyTOTP + passkey
No US-number requirement; a mobile number of any supported country is registered and verified by SMS. 2FA methods include passkeys, Wise-app notification, authenticator app (TOTP), and SMS, with voice-call and WhatsApp as alternative code channels. No published VoIP policy (help-center search returns only unrelated articles); third-party SMS-reseller claims that Wise rejects Google Voice were excluded as commercially-motivated non-vendor sources.[1][2]
Marketplace payouts
Per Wise's help center, USD account details can be linked to Amazon US (local payouts only) and Stripe (USD among 14 payout currencies); ACH receiving is free, with limits starting at 20 million USD.[1][2][3]
Provider-published country list: source
Reading notes (6)
  • FDIC-related details (Program Bank JPMorgan Chase, interest-feature eligibility) come from a Wise blog dated 2024-11-26 that the page itself marks as updated more than a year ago; current Program Agreement terms may differ.
  • The exclusion of non-US residents from FDIC pass-through coverage is derived from Wise's published interest-feature eligibility criteria (US-based customer, US profile address, verified SSN/EIN), not from a Wise statement addressing non-residents directly.
  • Country entries are based on Wise's published residence lists for holding money and for USD account details; Wise does not publish a single rule on the owner's country of residence for opening a US-entity business account.
  • Wise publishes no explicit statement that onboarding is fully remote; the ID-plus-selfie option is described as a fallback when an SSN or ITIN is not accepted, and the absence of an in-person step was checked only on the reviewed help articles.
  • Wise does not name the partner institution behind its USD routing numbers in its help center.
  • The trading address for US business verification cannot be a registration agency, mail-forwarding service, or virtual address; a proof-of-address document is requested.

Payoneer

Fintech
Accepts non-resident founders
Entity requirement
No US entity or EIN required to open an account; applicants register as an individual or as a company registered in their own country, per the provider's signup FAQ. No published statement on foreign-owned US LLCs.[1]
Owner residency & IDPassport-based ID accepted
Documented verification accepts a national ID, driver's license, or passport plus proof of address; SSN and ITIN do not appear in published requirements (absence-based reading of the help-center FAQ).[1]
Account railsVirtual / collection account
USD receiving account is a virtual collection account with ABA routing and account numbers, accepting ACH credits only with no outbound transfers; per the provider's help center it "is not a bank account."[1][2]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
Offers a dedicated SWIFT (wire) receiving account for USD alongside its local receiving accounts, positioned for payers in countries where Payoneer has no local receiving account.[1]
Card issuance†Ships cards internationally
Physical and virtual cards with free international shipping (expedited courier available at a charge); no full eligible/restricted country list is published — only explicit carve-outs (cards no longer issued to customers with a postal/actual address in Russia or India, plus an unpublished 'licensing restrictions' residual). Card eligibility additionally gated on receiving $100+ in payments in the last 6 months. Virtual cards created instantly.[1][2][3]
FDIC structure
Provider terms state US Payment Service funds are not FDIC-insured; the live help center corroborates the account is not a bank account. The sourced terms document dates to 2005-2013; current terms are login-gated.[1][2]
OnboardingFully remote
Online signup with document upload via the in-account Verification Center; no in-person step appears in published requirements, per the provider's help center.[1]
Phone & 2FA†No published VoIP policyNo TOTP option
A mobile number of any country is required for two-step verification (landlines rejected); no US-number requirement published. Verification channels are SMS, voice call, and Payoneer-app push notification plus a recovery code — no authenticator-app (TOTP) or passkey option is published. No published VoIP policy (3 help answers + site searches).[1][2]
Marketplace payouts
Provider's official China site states Payoneer connects with over 2,000 cross-border e-commerce platforms and networks for seller payment collection.[1]
Reading notes (6)
  • Payoneer receiving accounts are payment-collection accounts, not US bank accounts; the USD account details accept ACH credits only, and funds are not FDIC-insured.
  • The not-FDIC-insured and ACH-credit-only statements derive from a Payoneer terms document dated 2005-2013 hosted on a third-party mirror; current service terms are viewable only after account login, so supersession is possible.
  • No-SSN/ITIN, no-US-entity, and fully-remote statements are inferred from the absence of such requirements in provider help-center FAQs, which are summaries rather than exhaustive requirement lists.
  • Payoneer states some countries and territories cannot register but publishes no restricted-country list; its 'Supported countries' help answer has been removed, so country eligibility is confirmed only in the signup flow.
  • India, China, and UK acceptance is inferred from official country resource hubs and localized sites rather than eligibility policy statements; Pakistan and Canada carry explicit account-opening or licensing pages.
  • The identity of the current US partner bank(s) behind the USD receiving account is not confirmed in provider-published sources.

Brex

Fintech
Conditional · Banking services via Column N.A.
Entity requirement
Requires a US-formed entity with a US EIN, US operations, and a US physical address per provider's support page; the legal FAQ lists LLCs among accepted entity types; foreign-owned single-member LLCs are not specifically addressed. The address requirement is the binding one for a non-resident founder and is quotable: "All Brex applicants must have a U.S. physical address. If the address provided is a virtual address—defined as a registration address with no physical presence—then the Beneficial Owner (BO), Control Officer (CO), must maintain a physical presence and be verifiable in the U.S." The same page states "We do not accept USPS P.O. Boxes, private mailboxes (PMBs), or other mailbox services as valid business addresses." Read together: a founder abroad whose US address is a registered agent or mailbox service does not satisfy this, and no country-level rule is needed to exclude them.[1][2]
Owner residency & IDPassport-based ID accepted
Passport number and country of issuance accepted in place of an SSN for individuals, per provider's legal FAQ; passports accepted as KYC photo ID; ITIN is not mentioned on any fetched provider page.[1][2]
Account railsOwn ACH routing + account number
Checking is a commercial checking account at partner bank Column N.A. with its own routing number (121145349) for inbound ACH and wires; treasury and vault are separate Brex Treasury LLC cash-management services.[1]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
Receives international wires in USD only; wires denominated in a foreign currency are converted by the partner bank before landing. Brex applies a country list that gates international wires in BOTH directions — a country absent from the supported table is unsupported. All eight countries columned in this index appear in the supported table as of the access date.[1]
Card issuance†Ships cards internationally
Physical cards ship to 'most international addresses' — verbatim: "To make Brex available to businesses that operate internationally, we ship physical credit cards to most international addresses", and "When you request a physical card in your Brex dashboard, you'll be asked to select your country. There you can enter your international address." CITATION REPAIRED 2026-08-14: the article carrying that quote was deleted and now 301s to the generic Brex card overview, which contains no shipping-country statement; the quote is preserved via a Wayback snapshot rather than the value being deleted, because a rotted citation is not a changed policy. UNCITED SUB-CLAIM, flagged not removed: an earlier version of this summary asserted a '13-country extra-paperwork list for courier delivery (incl. China, Brazil, Philippines, Vietnam)'. That list is not present in the Wayback snapshot, nor in brex-card-overview, nor in using-brex-internationally, all read on 2026-08-14 — so it is recorded here as searched-for and not located, rather than silently retained as fact or silently dropped. Virtual cards self-serve per spend limit. Card USAGE barred in sanctioned regions (Crimea/Donetsk/Luhansk; Russia network suspension) — still live on using-brex-internationally 2026-08-14.[1][2][3]
FDIC structure
Brex is not a bank. Checking carries FDIC coverage up to $250,000 through Column N.A.; vault funds are swept to program banks for up to $6M in pass-through coverage, per provider's support page.[1]
OnboardingFully remote
Application described as fully online per provider's support page: EIN verification letter (CP 575 or 147-C), formation documents if not sourced from state databases, passport accepted as ID; no in-person step published.[1][2]
Phone & 2FA†No published VoIP policyTOTP + passkey
A mobile number is collected at application but its US-ness is never stated — recorded as unknown, not inferred. 2FA offers authenticator app (TOTP) or SMS, and passkeys can replace both password and MFA for eligible users, so ongoing auth is phone-number-avoidable. No published VoIP policy (support-site search + full read of the 2FA article). Whether SMS 2FA can target a non-US country code is UNVERIFIED (the update-2fa-method article 404s).[1][2][3]
Marketplace payouts
Account receives payments via ACH, check, and wire using its Column N.A. account and routing number, per provider's product page; no published statement on Amazon, Stripe, or other marketplace payouts was found.[1]
Provider-published country list: source
Reading notes (5)
  • Brex's support page states all applicants require a US physical address, while its product FAQ accepts a US or international address for the principal place of business but excludes registered-agent, PO box, and UPS box addresses. The two published pages differ on this point.
  • The up-to-$6M FDIC figure applies to vault funds swept to program banks; checking coverage is up to $250,000 at Column N.A., and treasury funds are invested in a money market fund that is not FDIC insured.
  • The linked restricted-country list governs wire transfers, not founder residency; the page states the list is subject to change and lists 'Macedonia', a country name retired in 2019. Brex publishes no founder-residency country list.
  • The statement that Brex serves non-US founders draws in part on a provider blog post about the Stripe Atlas partnership dated June 2024; no newer published statement on this was found.
  • The legal FAQ's entity-type list appears under card-product qualification criteria rather than as a banking-specific eligibility statement.

Novo

Fintech
US residents/persons only · Banking services via Middlesex Federal Savings, F.A.
Entity requirement
Per provider's help center, accounts open only for business owners who reside within the US, and the business is required to be registered in the US.[1]
Owner residency & IDSSN required
Per provider's help center, SSN, US residential address, and US cell phone number are required for all applicants; beneficial owners above 25% ownership also provide an SSN. No ITIN or passport substitute is stated.[1][2]
Account railsOwn ACH routing + account number
Accounts carry ACH routing number 211370150 with a unique account number; deposit account services are provided by partner bank Middlesex Federal Savings, F.A. Novo states it is a fintech, not a bank.[1]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
Receives both domestic and international wires. The asymmetry is on the outbound side: Novo states account holders cannot send domestic wires, and routes outbound international payments through a Wise integration rather than its own rails.[1]
Card issuance†Cards ship to US addresses only
Physical debit cards ship to the personal address on the account, and the application itself requires a US address — no international shipping path published. Virtual card is self-serve but moot for a founder abroad because the account requires a US home address at application.[1][2]
FDIC structure
Per provider, deposits are held by Middlesex Federal Savings, F.A. (Member FDIC) and insured up to $250,000. Single sponsor bank; no multi-bank sweep program is published.[1]
OnboardingFully remote
Fully digital application with no branch visit, per provider. Requires an unexpired US government-issued ID or passport, a US-carrier mobile phone, SSN, and a US address — open to US residents only.[1]
Phone & 2FA†VoIP numbers blocked (published)SMS-only 2FA
The hardest published phone gate in the dataset: a US cell number from a major carrier is required, and Novo publishes an explicit VoIP/virtual-number block. SMS-only verification (device auth mandatory, no opt-out; no TOTP or passkey), with a published email-code + security-questions fallback for users outside the US.[1][2][3]
Marketplace payouts
Direct-deposit ACH payouts supported via routing number 211370150 (appears as Middlesex Federal Savings at the payer); Stripe integration with Novo Boost per provider. No published Amazon-payout statement found.[1]
Reading notes (5)
  • All eight country restrictions derive from Novo's blanket statement that accounts open only for US-resident owners of US-registered businesses; no country is individually named on any Novo page.
  • Novo's marketing requirements page carries a generic industry-checklist line mentioning 'passport and ITIN for non-U.S. owners'; the help-center policy pages state SSN and US residency are required. The marketing line describes the industry generally, not Novo's own acceptance policy.
  • Novo publishes no per-country account-eligibility list. A separate, unpublished country list exists for blocking card transactions; it is distinct from the account-opening policy stated here.
  • Novo does not publish whether the account structure is a direct deposit account or a pooled/custodial arrangement; its pages state only that deposits are held by Middlesex Federal Savings, F.A. and insured up to $250,000.
  • The direct-deposit setup article was last updated roughly three years ago; the routing number it lists is corroborated by a help-center article updated within the last four months.

Bluevine

Fintech
Conditional · Banking services via Coastal Community Bank
Entity requirement
Requires a US-registered LLC or Corporation with a valid EIN for international owners; the provider states other tax IDs do not suffice for its application "right now", per the help center.[1][2]
Owner residency & IDConditional
Residents of supported countries apply with a valid passport instead of an SSN, plus a US legal address (physical or non-physical); US applicants provide an SSN. ITIN is not addressed for checking eligibility.[1][2]
Account railsOwn ACH routing + account number
Checking account carries its own ACH routing number (125109019); banking services are provided by Coastal Community Bank, Member FDIC, per provider's help center.[1]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
Accepts inbound international wires in 39 currencies with settlement in USD, at a flat fee of up to $15 per wire that is reduced on the paid Plus and Premier plans.[1]
Card issuance†Virtual cards only from abroad
The textbook account-vs-card gate: Bluevine's international-owners product accepts business owners residing in 21 listed countries (incl. India), but 'Physical debit cards are only available to ship to U.S. addresses.' Virtual debit cards issue immediately with no published residency restriction — for an abroad-resident owner the card product is virtual-only.[1][2]
FDIC structure
FDIC insurance up to $3,000,000 per depositor on a pass-through basis through Coastal Community Bank, Member FDIC, and its sweep-network program banks; Bluevine is not itself the chartered bank.[1]
OnboardingFully remote
Online application with passport-based identity verification for international owners; the account is managed remotely and no in-person step appears in the published process.[1]
Phone & 2FA†VoIP numbers blocked (published)SMS-only 2FA
Two published statements that do not reconcile, recorded verbatim without resolution: the application article accepts 'a U.S. or international number that can receive SMS messages', while the MFA article requires 'a U.S. number connected to a cellular network' as 'the only type of MFA we support' AND publishes a VoIP block naming Google Voice. SMS-only (plus app push); no TOTP or passkey. How the 21-country non-resident cohort satisfies US-cellular MFA is unexplained in vendor docs — carried as a caveat, not resolved by inference.[1][2]
Marketplace payouts
Provider states the account receives unlimited incoming ACH and domestic wires on a single routing number; no fetched page names marketplace payouts (Amazon, Stripe) as accepted.[1]
Provider-published country list: source
Reading notes (3)
  • Bluevine publishes a supported-country allowlist rather than a restricted list; the list is introduced with 'including' and footnoted as subject to change at any time, so absence from the list is not a published restriction.
  • Bluevine's two published country lists do not match: the help-center article names 23 countries while the international-owners landing page fetched the same day omits at least Croatia.
  • The FAQ permits a 'non-physical' US legal address for international owners, while the help center states P.O. box and mail-service addresses are not accepted; no fetched page reconciles the two statements.

Found

Fintech
US residents/persons only · Banking services via Lead Bank
Entity requirement
US sole proprietors, single/multi-member LLCs (EIN required at opening), corporations, and partnerships supported; foreign-owned entities and entities based outside the US appear on the published prohibited list.[1][2]
Owner residency & IDSSN required
Per account terms, available to US citizens or lawful permanent residents with a US physical address; per provider's help center, a valid SSN is required and ITINs are not accepted.[1][2][3]
Account railsOwn ACH routing + account number
Account carries its own routing and account number at Lead Bank; account terms describe it as a subaccount of an omnibus account held in the bank's name for the customer's benefit, not a directly titled DDA.[1][2]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
Receives domestic and international wires using the account's own account and routing numbers, but the inbound wire must be denominated in USD — Found places the currency conversion on the sender, so a client paying in local currency bears the FX cost and the account holder cannot see the rate applied. Found charges nothing for the inbound wire; intermediary banks may.[1]
Card issuance†Cards ship to US addresses only
Account itself is US-only (US address + SSN required), so card geography is bounded by account geography; no card-shipping country policy is published. Virtual card issued at account opening; in-person card use abroad gated on one prior domestic in-person transaction.[1][2]
FDIC structure
Pass-through FDIC insurance up to $250,000 per depositor via Lead Bank, Member FDIC; Found is a financial technology company, not a bank. Terms reference deposit placement via the IntraFi network.[1]
OnboardingFully remote
Fully online signup; required information is legal name, US residential address, date of birth, and SSN. No in-person step, passport path, or video-KYC path is documented.[1]
Phone & 2FA†No published VoIP policySMS-only 2FA
A valid phone number is required for verification (SMS code with a voice-call fallback); whether it must be a US number is not published — recorded as unknown, not inferred (account-level US-address/SSN requirement makes the question largely moot). No published VoIP policy (5 help/security pages searched + site-scoped web search). No TOTP or passkey published; OTPs sent on sensitive actions.[1][2]
Marketplace payouts
Per provider's help center, payouts from Square, Shopify, Etsy, Stripe, and other online platforms are supported via the account's own account and routing numbers; Amazon is not named on any fetched page.[1]
Provider-published country list: source
Reading notes (5)
  • All country-level entries derive from one blanket statement that Found is only available in the United States; Found publishes no per-country restricted list, and no individual country is named in its policy.
  • Found's legal account terms describe eligibility with a social security number or tax identification number, while its help center states ITINs are not accepted and an SSN is required; the help-center policy is the stricter of the two.
  • P.O. boxes, virtual mailboxes, and mail-forwarding addresses are not accepted as an LLC business address at signup.
  • Foreign-owned entities and entities based outside the United States appear on Found's prohibited-businesses list; this covers foreign-owned single-member US LLCs.
  • References to Piermont Bank as Found's partner bank are outdated; current legal documents name Lead Bank.

Lili

Fintech
Conditional · Banking services via Sunrise Banks, N.A.; Column Bank, N.A. (wires)
Entity requirement
Requires a US-registered entity; accepts LLCs (single or multi-member), C-Corps, S-Corps, and general or limited liability partnerships. Sole proprietorships are not supported for international applicants.[1]
Owner residency & IDPassport-based ID accepted
International applicants apply with a foreign passport number and EIN; no SSN required. Lili's general SSN article states the owner's SSN is always required, but carries a footnote excepting non-US residents, who may apply for their business entity with a passport number instead.[1][2][3]
Account railsOwn ACH routing + account number
Business checking held at Sunrise Banks, N.A. with its own ACH routing number (091017138) and account number; wires powered by Column Bank, N.A. Lili states it is a financial technology company, not a bank.[1]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
Sends and receives international wires in 130+ currencies with wire service provided by partner Column Bank, N.A.; Lili's own marketing states $15 to receive. Country coverage is stated inconsistently across Lili's surfaces (the product page says 32+ countries; the help centre has said 51) — the count is not treated as settled here.[1]
Card issuance†Cards ship to US addresses only
Physical Visa debit card ships to US addresses only — applicants without any US address 'need to arrange for a U.S. mailing address before completing your application'. Digital card is available in-app from day one (same card number as physical, works with Apple/Google Pay). Non-resident onboarding is published (14-country citizenship list at account level), making the US-address card gate the operative constraint for abroad-resident owners.[1][2]
FDIC structure
Pass-through FDIC insurance advertised up to $3,000,000 through Sunrise Banks, N.A. and a network of program banks; deposits are held at FDIC-insured institutions, not at Lili, per Lili's help center.[1]
OnboardingFully remote
100% remote application from any eligible country using a foreign passport and EIN; document uploads possible (EIN letter, Articles of Organization, address verification). The Visa debit card ships only to a US address.[1][2]
Phone & 2FA†VoIP numbers blocked (published)SMS-only 2FA
Two published flows recorded verbatim: the international-applicant article accepts 'Email address and mobile phone number (U.S. or international)' — the governing article for the non-resident ICP — while the standard US application article requires 'A U.S. mobile phone number with a major carrier (no VoIP numbers)', a published VoIP block scoped to that flow (the international article is silent on VoIP). 2FA channels are SMS, voice call, or email only — no authenticator app, passkey, or hardware key published.[1][2][3]
Marketplace payouts
Publishes payout instructions for payroll, marketplace, and vendor forms (bank name: Sunrise Banks, N.A.); markets Stripe, PayPal, and Shopify connectivity and ACH acceptance. No Amazon-specific statement found.[1][2]
Provider-published country list: source
Reading notes (5)
  • At first publication (2026-07-08) Lili's general SSN article and its international pages contradicted each other on whether an SSN is always required. As accessed 2026-07-22 that article carries a footnote excepting non-US residents, who apply with a passport number instead of an SSN; the published conflict is resolved.
  • Eligibility turns on citizenship from a 14-country list: a resident of a listed country who does not hold a listed citizenship does not qualify. Whether a founder who holds a listed citizenship but resides in an unlisted country qualifies is not addressed in Lili's published criteria. Lili's partnerships team states in writing (2026-07-21, not published anywhere citable) that residence must also fall within the supported list, which would make the test citizenship AND residence; this index records the published criterion only, until that appears in a public source. Any 25%+ co-owner also needs listed citizenship.
  • Non-resident accounts carry feature restrictions: BusinessBuild credit building excludes non-US citizens, additional joint-account owners are required to be US residents, and the debit card ships only to a US address.
  • Lili states the 14-country supported-citizenship list changes over time, and its help-center source pages show no publication dates; all evidence reflects access on 2026-07-08.
  • Lili's publicly reachable partner-program recruitment page describes supporting US businesses owned by non-US residents "from over 30 countries", against the 14 named on its customer-facing eligibility page (both accessed 2026-07-22). The recruitment copy names no countries and addresses affiliates rather than applicants, so this index follows the named list; the gap is recorded because a founder who reads the larger number first will overestimate their odds.

NorthOne

Fintech
US residents/persons only · Banking services via The Bancorp Bank, N.A.
Superseded. northone.com now redirects wholesale to relayfi.com — a provider already listed in this index — and app.northone.com does not resolve. NorthOne no longer serves an independent product surface. No announcement was published by either company, so whether this is an acquisition, a wind-down, or a brand consolidation is not established here. Everything below describes the product as verified on 2026-07-08 and may no longer be available.
Entity requirement
Requires a legally incorporated US entity or sole proprietorship with a verifiable US street address; virtual offices, P.O. boxes, and commercial mail addresses not accepted. EIN listed for LLC/S-corp/partnership.[1][2]
Owner residency & IDSSN required
Per the account agreement (effective 07/2025), owners are limited to US citizens or legal residents in the 50 states or D.C. SSN is a listed application requirement; no ITIN path is documented.[1][2]
Account railsOwn ACH routing + account number
Demand deposit account at The Bancorp Bank, N.A. with its own account and routing numbers for ACH, domestic wires, and direct deposit. International wires rejected; no SWIFT code offered.[1][2]
Card issuance†No published statement found
No live vendor documentation exists: northone.com, the entire help center, and the referral subdomain all 301-redirect to Relay (domain-level supersession, no vendor announcement prose anywhere). All cells unknown; provider carried as superseded.[1]
FDIC structure
NorthOne is a financial technology company, not a bank; deposits are FDIC-insured up to $250,000 through The Bancorp Bank, N.A., per provider's help center. Single partner bank; no sweep program disclosed.[1]
OnboardingFully remote
Signup is fully online (web or mobile app) with no branches; requires a US phone number, SSN, EIN for LLCs, and physical US home and business addresses. Limited to US-resident applicants per the agreement.[1][2]
Phone & 2FA†No published statement found
No live vendor documentation (all surfaces redirect to Relay). A legacy index snippet ('NorthOne can only store U.S. phone numbers on file') survives in search engines but cannot be verified on any vendor page — unverified index remnant, not citable. All cells unknown.[1]
Marketplace payouts
Per provider's help center, Amazon disbursements, Stripe payouts, and Shopify, Etsy, Square, and PayPal deposits can be received directly into the account using its routing and account numbers.[1]
Reading notes (5)
  • SUPERSEDED — as of 2026-07-26 every northone.com path returns HTTP 301 to relayfi.com (root, blog, and the northone-vs-relay page all tested), help.northone.com 301s to support.relayfi.com, and app.northone.com does not resolve. NorthOne no longer serves an independent product surface. The Internet Archive shows northone.com still serving its own site on 2026-05-19 and a 301 by 2026-07-08 — the same date this row was verified, which also explains the note below about the live help centre being unreachable to automated checks that day. Whether this is an acquisition, a wind-down, or a brand consolidation is NOT established: no announcement from either company was found. Treat every claim in this row as describing a product that may no longer be independently available.
  • Older third-party reviews describe a carve-out allowing Canadian residents with a US entity; the current deposit account agreement (effective 07/2025) contains no such provision.
  • Several help-center policies were verified via archived snapshots (February-October 2025) because the live help center was unreachable to automated checks on 2026-07-08; details published there may have changed since the snapshot dates.
  • The application help page's requirement list reads 'Employment Insurance number'; in context this refers to the business tax ID (EIN) for LLCs, S-corps, and partnerships.
  • SSN is listed as an application requirement; ITIN acceptance is not addressed in the provider's published account-opening materials.

Airwallex (US)

Fintech
Accepts non-resident founders · Banking services via Evolve Bank & Trust
Entity requirement
Business accounts only — no personal accounts offered. US companies provide an EIN letter and state formation documents with exact business-name match; eligibility requires a registered, active business in good standing.[1][2]
Owner residency & IDPassport-based ID accepted
SSN is requested only for US persons; non-US-person signatories, control persons and beneficial owners verify with a government-issued photo ID such as a passport, per the US documents page. ITIN is not addressed.[1]
Account railsVirtual / collection account
USD account details include dedicated ACH and Fedwire routing numbers, receiving ACH, Fedwire, SWIFT, and FedNow/RTP for eligible customers; funds sit pooled in an FBO omnibus at partner bank Evolve Bank & Trust.[1][2]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
Global Accounts receive via domestic rails, via SWIFT, or both, depending on the currency and on which Airwallex entity onboarded the business — capability is not uniform across currencies and the account holder's onboarding entity is the gating variable.[1]
Card issuance†No published statement found
Employee cards issue physical or virtual; Company cards are virtual-only — re-read live 2026-08-14 and still accurate. Physical shipping is now UNKNOWN, downgraded from virtual_only_abroad on 2026-08-14: the international-shipping prohibition this cell rested on ("ship your physical card to any business or residential address within the same ordering country ... we are not able to ship physical cards internationally") survives ONLY in the 2025-03-27 Wayback snapshot. The live successor article at the same article ID was retitled "How do I create a physical employee card" and, read in full on 2026-08-14, carries no shipping-country statement at all — its only delivery restriction is "we are not able to deliver physical cards to PO Boxes", and it offers three delivery-address options (company registered address, employee-supplied address, or a different address) without geographic qualification. We cannot tell from the outside whether the policy changed or only the documentation did, so neither the restriction nor its removal is asserted. Virtual cards are instant, attached to every physical card, and carry no published cardholder-residence restriction.[1][2]
FDIC structure
Airwallex describes its US banking partnerships as designed to provide FDIC coverage up to $250,000 per qualified customer account via a partner-bank omnibus; Airwallex is a licensed money transmitter, not a bank.[1]
OnboardingFully remote
Provider marketing describes account opening as fully online; the US documents page lists uploadable documents only (EIN letter, formation documents, photo-ID images) with no in-person step mentioned.[1][2]
Phone & 2FA†No published VoIP policyTOTP supported
No US-phone requirement published; 2FA offers Airwallex app, authenticator app (TOTP — Google Authenticator/Symantec VIP), and SMS, with 10 recovery codes as fallback — fully usable from abroad without any phone. Outside EEA/UK, cardholders can enroll in 3DS with email instead of mobile. No published VoIP policy.[1]
Marketplace payouts
Per provider marketing, USD account details can be linked to Amazon US, PayPal, Shopify and other platforms to receive payouts; the ACH and Fedwire receiving rails are confirmed on the provider's help center.[1][2]
Provider-published country list: source
Reading notes (5)
  • Airwallex's published country policy is keyed to the business's registration country, not the owner's country of residence. Country statuses here reflect that list; no Airwallex page was found that accepts or restricts a US-LLC owner based on where the owner lives.
  • Airwallex describes its US banking partnerships as designed to provide FDIC coverage up to $250,000; funds are held in a pooled for-benefit-of omnibus account at Evolve Bank & Trust rather than an individual deposit account, and pass-through coverage depends on qualified-account conditions.
  • The fully-online account-opening statement comes from a UK-audience marketing page describing the USD Global Account flow for UK businesses; no US-specific statement on in-person or video verification was found.
  • Statements about USD accounts without a US entity, and about linking account details to Amazon US, PayPal and Shopify, come from marketing pages describing the Global Account product for non-US-registered businesses; US-company requirements (EIN letter, formation documents) apply separately.
  • Pakistan, Nigeria and Turkey statuses rest on absence from the eligibility list as accessed 2026-07-08; the list can change. A separate SWIFT-deposit restriction page naming these and other countries applies to Denmark- and Hong Kong-based Global Accounts, not US account details.

Slash

Fintech
Accepts non-resident founders · Banking services via Column N.A.
Entity requirement
Business Banking requires a US-registered entity; founders outside the US can qualify with eligible incorporation information. A separate Global USD Account serves businesses incorporated outside the US.[1][2]
Owner residency & IDConditional
Owners may live outside the US (Business Banking), subject to residence-country and nationality review. Per provider blog, Global USD requires no SSN/ITIN; Business Banking SSN/ITIN policy is not published.[1][2]
Account railsMixed (varies by product)
Business Banking is a business checking account at partner bank Column N.A. Global USD is not a bank deposit: balances are held in USDSL stablecoin (ERC-20 on Base) with US account and routing numbers for ACH and wires.[1][2]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
The Global USD account sends and receives over wire, ACH, SWIFT and stablecoin rails, and is marketed to businesses in 130+ countries. Note the rails caveat already recorded in this row: Global USD balances are held as USDSL stablecoin, not as a bank deposit, so 'receives via SWIFT' does not imply the received funds sit in an insured deposit.[1]
Card issuance†Ships cards internationally
Physical Visa charge cards ship internationally (order form offers 'international orders may include standard or express shipping'; fees per account fee schedule); no published restricted-country list for card shipping. Virtual cards available immediately. Signup article carries an unresolved tension recorded verbatim: applicants abroad with a qualifying US entity are supported, yet 'all addresses provided must be located within the United States' for business banking applications.[1][2][3]
FDIC structure
Business Banking deposits carry pass-through FDIC coverage via Column N.A. and its sweep-network banks; Slash is not a bank. Global USD balances are digital assets with no FDIC, SIPC, or government-backed insurance.[1][2]
OnboardingFully remote
Global USD application is fully online at slash.com (formation documents, proof of business address, beneficial-owner info, statements). Per provider blog, verification is handled entirely online with no US branch visit.[1][2]
Phone & 2FA†No published VoIP policyTOTP supported
2FA is TOTP-only (any TOTP-compatible authenticator app + one-time backup codes) — never routes through a phone number, so it works for any-country residents; SMS appears only in optional new-device verification with an email alternative. A business phone number is collected at application but its US-ness is never published (unknown, not inferred). No VoIP policy anywhere incl. a full ToS grep.[1][2]
Provider-published country list: source
Reading notes (3)
  • The Global USD Account is not a bank deposit account: balances are held in the USDSL stablecoin (ERC-20 on Base) with no FDIC, SIPC, or government-backed insurance. Statements that no SSN or ITIN is needed refer to this product, not to an insured bank account.
  • The no-SSN/ITIN and fully-online-verification statements appear on Slash's own marketing blog rather than its help center; the help-center eligibility page does not state an SSN/ITIN policy for Business Banking.
  • Slash's Global USD supported-country lists are based on the business's country of incorporation, not founder residence; only the Business Banking restricted list applies to where owners live or their nationality.

Meow

Fintech
Conditional · Banking services via Cross River Bank; Grasshopper Bank, N.A.
Entity requirement
US-registered LLCs (single/multi-member), C-Corps, S-Corps, and non-US entities eligible subject to country rules, per help center; approval not automatic. EIN required; pending-EIN path with 60-day letter deadline.[1][2]
Owner residency & IDNo published statement found
Published requirements list no SSN/ITIN; per FAQ, non-US citizens in some cases submit a government ID. Physical operating address (US or abroad) with proof required; virtual addresses stated insufficient.[1][2]
Account railsOwn ACH routing + account number
Business checking with its own ACH and wire account/routing details in the dashboard; banking services provided by partner banks Cross River Bank and Grasshopper Bank, N.A., per provider FAQ.[1]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
REFUTED AND CORRECTED 2026-08-14 (was: 'No published statement on receiving inbound international wires', inbound_international=unknown). Meow's live Business Checking page states verbatim: "Domestic and international wires — Send and receive wires in the US and internationally without any fees". That is a published statement covering the receive direction, so the unknown no longer holds. Register caveat: this is a product marketing page, not a help-centre article, and it names no corridor, currency, or SWIFT/BIC detail — so the capability is published but its terms are not. The prior citation (meow.co/maximum) now 301s to this page, which is how the change surfaced. Meow separately publishes an outbound-only International Payouts product ('Send 50+ currencies internationally').[1]
Card issuance†No published statement found
Physical and virtual Visa charge cards at no cost (no ATM access — charge cards cannot withdraw cash). The only published delivery flow ends in the US ('shipped internationally from Poland through DHL and then transferred to USPS for final delivery in the US'; 'mailed to your business address') — but no statement prohibits international shipping, so the cell is unknown rather than us_shipping_only. Virtual cards issue instantly; founders from 180+ countries supported at account level with a 34-country prohibited list (incl. Nigeria, Philippines, Vietnam).[1][2][3]
FDIC structure
A fintech, not a bank; deposits held at partner banks (Cross River Bank, Grasshopper Bank, N.A.) with pass-through FDIC coverage; funds placed via the IntraFi network in sub-SMDIA increments per bank.[1]
OnboardingFully remote
Fully online application, stated under 10 minutes with document upload; no in-person step published. Non-US entities submit formation docs and a W-8 BEN-E as PDFs (article scoped to Meow Card verification).[1][2]
Phone & 2FA†No published VoIP policyTOTP supported
SMS 2FA is explicitly unavailable — authenticator app (TOTP) is mandatory, one device at a time; reset runs through support + Plaid ID verification (photo ID + selfie), no phone in the 2FA loop at any point. A mobile number is collected per ToS for login codes and alerts but never published as required-US (unknown). No VoIP policy (full ToS grep + 25 help articles enumerated).[1][2]
Marketplace payouts
Provider blog states direct Stripe integration for customer-payment settlement into Meow accounts; no published statement on Amazon or other marketplace payouts found.[1]
Provider-published country list: source
Reading notes (4)
  • The provider's prohibited-country list and its newer supported-country list conflict: around 14 countries (including Nigeria, Philippines, Vietnam, Ukraine, Taiwan) currently appear on both pages; eligibility for those countries is not determinable from published pages alone.
  • A physical operating address (US or abroad) with documentary proof is required to apply; the provider states a virtual address is insufficient, including for remote-first companies.
  • Approval is not automatic for any entity type; all applications go through KYC (identity) and KYB (business) review, per the provider's help center.
  • The provider does not publish which partner bank (Cross River, Grasshopper, or other banks named on specific product pages) issues a given customer's routing and account number.

Rho

Fintech
Conditional · Banking services via Webster Bank, N.A.
Entity requirement
Requires a US-incorporated entity and either a US operating address or one US-based owner with a valid SSN, per provider's help center; a foreign-owned single-member LLC with neither does not meet the stated criteria.[1]
Owner residency & IDConditional
Rho states it serves 'business owners worldwide'; without a US operating address, one US-based business owner with a valid SSN is required. No ITIN or passport-only path is documented.[1][2]
Account railsNo published statement found
Banking services provided and cards issued by Webster Bank, N.A., Member FDIC. Whether the checking account is a directly titled DDA at Webster Bank or an FBO/custodial structure is not stated on published pages.[1]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
Publishes downloadable international wire instructions for inbound funds, quotes 1-5 business days, and asks clients to notify its Client Service team in advance when an international wire is expected. Rho also states it is unlikely to be able to trace incoming payments, directing holders to the sending bank.[1]
Card issuance†Ships cards internationally
Physical cards ship internationally by explicit statement ('Rho can ship physical cards internationally. Follow the same card creation flow, and enter an international shipping address'; FedEx 2-3 business days domestic; no P.O. boxes). Virtual cards usable instantly. The binding constraint for an abroad-resident solo founder is the ACCOUNT gate, not the card: US incorporation AND (US operating address OR a US-based owner with SSN); virtual addresses (Regus etc.) not permitted.[1][2]
FDIC structure
Rho states it is a fintech company, not a bank; deposits are held via Webster Bank, N.A., Member FDIC, with up to $75M FDIC coverage through a sweep network of 400+ FDIC-insured banks, per provider's FAQ.[1]
OnboardingNo published statement found
Application is online, resumable by email; documents include articles of incorporation and EIN. Virtual addresses (Regus or any provider) are not permitted. No published fully-remote-from-abroad statement.[1]
Phone & 2FA†No published VoIP policyTOTP supported
2FA at every login/transaction/card-creation with a choice of Google Authenticator, Authy, or SMS (app 'highly encouraged') — TOTP path means no forced phone dependency. A phone number is required on the account (changes go through support email); whether it must be US is never published (unknown). Whether SMS 2FA delivers to non-US numbers: unpublished. No VoIP policy (full ToS grep + help center search).[1]
Marketplace payouts
Apps built on Stripe Financial Connections (incl. Stripe payouts) connect directly to a Rho account; PayPal business accounts can link. Payoneer is not supported; no published Amazon-payout statement.[1][2]
Provider-published country list: source
Reading notes (4)
  • Virtual addresses from Regus or any other provider are not permitted in the Rho application — relevant for founders relying on virtual US business addresses.
  • The application FAQ describes an SSN as a required data point; read together with the eligibility page, the SSN requirement attaches to one US-based owner and applies when the entity has no US operating address.
  • Nigeria, Pakistan, and Brazil entries reflect payment-side restrictions only; Rho publishes no founder-residency policy for these countries beyond its 8-country ineligible-locations list (Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Russia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Venezuela).
  • Published FDIC figures (up to $75M via a sweep network of 400+ banks) come from provider marketing/FAQ pages; whether the account is a directly titled DDA at Webster Bank or an FBO structure is not published.

Revolut Business

Fintech
Conditional · Banking services via Lead Bank
Entity requirement
Requires a US-incorporated entity: "Your company must be incorporated in the US and have a document to prove its physical presence there. You'll also need to provide proof of your IRS Employer Identification Number (EIN) and company's legal name to be considered eligible." Eligibility is additionally gated on the OWNER's country of residence via a closed list — see restricted_list_url and the country cells.[1]
Owner residency & IDNo published statement found
Non-US residents are eligible for a US business account provided they reside in a listed country: "If you don't reside in the United States (US), but you reside in an eligible country, you can open a Revolut Business account in the US for your US entity." The published onboarding document list names "Identity verification: video selfie, national ID, residence permit" and does NOT mention an SSN, an ITIN, or a passport — so the SSN/ITIN question is recorded as unknown rather than mapped to passport_sufficient, which the page does not support.[1][2]
Account railsNo published statement found
TWO PUBLISHED STATEMENTS IN TENSION, recorded unresolved rather than collapsed to the nearer plausible value. In favour of deposit-account-like rails, the product page offers "local account details" and says "No matter your local currency, accept and send payments for your business in USD via ACH or US domestic wires". Against it, the same page's disclosure reads "Banking services offered through the Revolut Prepaid Card are provided by Lead Bank, a Missouri state-chartered bank", and the US cards are named as "Revolut Business Prepaid Visa® and Revolut Business Prepaid Mastercard®" — prepaid-program language, which usually implies a pooled or FBO structure rather than a demand deposit account in the company's name. Nothing published on the pages read settles whether the US account is a DDA the company holds or a prepaid balance. This distinction is the one that decides whether a payer's verification, a lender, or a government portal will accept the account details.[1]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
Inbound international receiving is published: "Receive, hold, and exchange 35+ currencies. Get unlimited incoming transfers in GBP, EUR, USD, and CHF", alongside "fast local and international transfers across 100+ countries". No SWIFT/BIC detail, corridor list, or fee schedule for inbound wires appears on the page read — the capability is published, its terms are not.[1]
Card issuance†No published statement found
US cards are prepaid: "the Revolut Business Prepaid Visa® and Revolut Business Prepaid Mastercard® cards are issued by Lead Bank, Member FDIC". No card-shipping country policy was found on the pages read, and card shipping was not separately researched in this pass — unknown means not established here, not established as absent.[1]
FDIC structure
The only deposit-insurance language found is card-issuer language: cards "are issued by Lead Bank, Member FDIC". No statement about pass-through FDIC insurance on held BALANCES was found on the pages read. Given the prepaid-program structure flagged under rails, whether and how customer balances are insured is exactly the question this cell cannot answer from published sources, and it is left open rather than inferred from the card disclosure.[1]
OnboardingFully remote
Fully remote and explicitly cross-border: "Open a Business account for your US-incorporated business in minutes, even if you live elsewhere" and "Set up a Business account for your US-incorporated business from an eligible country within 24 hours of submitting your application". Identity verification is a video selfie plus a national ID or residence permit; Revolut states it aims to review within 24 hours. No in-person or US-visit step is published.[1][2]
Phone & 2FA†No published statement found
NOT RESEARCHED in the 2026-08-14 pass that created this row. These three fields are unknown because nobody has looked yet — which is a different state from the unknowns on other providers, where help centres and terms were searched and nothing was published. Recorded explicitly so a later pass does not mistake an unexamined cell for a completed negative finding.
Provider-published country list: source
Reading notes (4)
  • Added 2026-08-14 (S196) by single-pass primary-source research. NOT through the refute-first adversarial pass, and therefore excluded from claim_count — the same treatment given to the receive/card/phone_2fa dimensions.
  • Revolut is the rarest shape in this index: a provider publishing a CLOSED eligibility allow-list of countries of residence. That is why its eight country cells carry real verdicts instead of unknowns. The trade-off is that four of the eight are restrictions read from omission rather than from a named ban — the mechanism is spelled out in each cell.
  • The prepaid-program question under `rails` is unresolved and is the single most consequential open item on this provider for a non-resident founder: local account details that sit on a prepaid balance behave differently at a payer's verification step than a demand deposit account does.
  • help.revolut.com and the business product page are Cloudflare-challenged. A plain fetch returns the string 'Just a quick security check', which is a bot gate and must not be recorded as an empty or missing page. Use read-page.mjs --stealth.

Grasshopper Bank

Chartered bank
US residents/persons only
Entity requirement
Requires a US entity with EIN/Tax ID and formation documents; beneficial-owner information is required for each individual owning 25% or more, directly or indirectly. SCOPE CAVEAT, stated by the page itself: Grasshopper's only published account-opening document list names the Forward Checking Account, not the Innovator/LLC product this row is otherwise built on — both live copies of that FAQ (…/what-is-needed-to-open-an-account/ and …-3/) open with the same Forward Checking sentence. Recorded with the scope named rather than generalised to all products.[1]
Owner residency & IDSSN required
Applicants must be a US citizen or permanent US resident with a verifiable address in one of the 50 states or DC; US territories including Puerto Rico are ineligible. SSN/Tax ID number is collected for applicants, authorised signers, control persons and beneficial owners. The same eligibility page also excludes five industries outright — adult entertainment, gambling, illegal substances, virtual currency, and weapons/firearms — which is decision-relevant for crypto-adjacent founders independently of the residency gate.[1][2]
Account railsDirect account at a chartered bank
Deposit account held directly at Grasshopper Bank, N.A., a chartered bank. ABA routing number 026015024 serves direct business and commercial clients — and, per the provider, also fintech clients whose programs run on Treasury Prime; only fintech programs powered by Increase use the separate number 026015244. CORRECTED 2026-08-03: the prior wording ('a separate routing number applies to fintech-program clients') generalised the Increase case to all fintech programs, which the source page contradicts.[1]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
Receives international wires in USD and in foreign currency; Grasshopper states an intermediary bank must be used in both cases, and that the intermediary for an FX wire is determined by the currency — so the inbound path carries correspondent-bank fees the account holder does not control.[1]
Card issuance†Cards ship to US addresses only
Virtual and physical debit cards exist (virtual is standalone and self-serve; physical via Client Services, 7-10 business days) but the account gate moots the ICP question: US citizen or permanent resident with a verifiable US-state address required. The Debit Card T&C's operative restriction clause additionally bans transactions outside the United States — internally contradicted by the same document's foreign-transaction-fee clause; both recorded, restriction clause treated as operative.[1][2]
FDIC structure
Direct FDIC member bank; deposits insured up to $250,000 per the provider's LLC business checking page. Extended coverage above $250,000 is UNKNOWN: a previously recorded 'optional ICS sweep up to $125 million' could not be sourced on 2026-08-02 on the cited page or on four other provider surfaces (home, /business-checking/, /faq/, /legal/), word-boundary checked for ICS / IntraFi / Insured Cash Sweep / $125 million. Recorded as removed rather than restated — no substitute figure was inferred.[1]
OnboardingFully remote
Online account opening 'in minutes' per the provider; available only to eligible US applicants (see residency — US citizen or permanent resident, 50 states or DC). Identity verification includes a photo ID and a selfie holding the ID. The 'as little as 5 minutes' figure removed on 2026-08-02 stays removed — the page says only 'in minutes'. SELFIE REQUIREMENT RESTORED 2026-08-03: removing it on 2026-08-02 was a FALSE NEGATIVE, not a correction. That pass reported no 'selfie' on the account-opening FAQ pages; the requirement is stated twice on …/what-is-needed-to-open-an-account-3/ and twice again on its sibling …/what-is-needed-to-open-an-account/, confirmed on 2026-08-03 against an untruncated 83,300-byte raw fetch as well as a reader render. SCOPE CAVEAT, as with entity: both of those pages name the Forward Checking Account, so the selfie requirement is documented for that product, not verbatim for the LLC/Innovator product this row is built on.[1][2]
Phone & 2FA†No published VoIP policyNo published statement found
A phone number is required at application (nationality unspecified — carries no independent signal given the US-citizen/PR eligibility gate). First-login user authentication is SMS/voice to the phone on file (T1). Whether app-based (TOTP) 2FA is supported by the product is UNKNOWN: the three help-center articles that would answer it are content-empty stubs (embedded guides, not machine-readable), and the only TOTP mention is a general-advice T2 blog post that may not describe product capability. No published VoIP policy.[1]
Reading notes (5)
  • The US-residency eligibility statement appears on the FAQ for the Innovator Business Checking product; Grasshopper's other lines (commercial banking, SBA lending, fintech programs) publish no equivalent statement and may have different eligibility terms.
  • The published eligibility rule addresses the account applicant and signers; the provider does not publish a separate residency rule for beneficial owners. For a solo founder, applicant and owner are the same person.
  • Core deposits are held directly at Grasshopper Bank, N.A. Two caveats recorded on 2026-07-08 described an optional ICS sweep placing funds across partner banks and a '$125 million' coverage figure said to be subject to change; on 2026-08-02 neither could be sourced on any provider surface (see fdic.summary) and both were removed rather than restated.
  • The account-opening FAQ lists 'SSN/Tax ID number' as required without stating whether an ITIN qualifies in place of an SSN.
  • This row is documented from two different products. The residency and eligibility rule comes from the Innovator Business Checking FAQ; the document list and identity checks (formation documents, beneficial owners at 25%, photo ID plus selfie) come from the only published account-opening document FAQ, which names the Forward Checking Account in its own opening sentence. Grasshopper publishes no equivalent document list for Innovator or for the LLC business checking page, so whether the identity requirements are identical across products is not something the published record answers.

Chase Business Banking

Chartered bank
Conditional
Entity requirement
Formation documents (Articles of Organization/Certificate of Formation) and an EIN are required for business checking; no non-US-entity onboarding path is published, per Chase's account-information page.[1]
Owner residency & IDITIN accepted
ITIN accepted in place of SSN for non-US citizens; foreign passport accepted as primary ID, with one of two ID documents showing a US address, per Chase's 2024 personal-checking ID sheet.[1][2][3]
Account railsDirect account at a chartered bank
Deposits are held directly at JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.; accounts carry Chase's own ABA/ACH routing numbers with no partner-bank or FBO structure, per product-page disclosures.[1]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
Receives international wires against the bank's own SWIFT/BIC (CHASUS33) plus the account number; Chase states it does not use IBANs. Most Chase checking accounts can both send and receive wires.[1]
Card issuance†No published statement found
Business debit card arrives 3-5 business days after account opening; no published statement on mailing destinations in either direction, and no virtual business debit card published — the cell is unknown, not inferred.[1]
FDIC structure
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. is itself an FDIC member bank; deposit insurance is direct, not pass-through or sweep insurance via partner banks.[1]
OnboardingConditional
Online application is limited to sole proprietorships, corporations, and single-member/single-manager LLCs; multi-member LLCs require a branch visit. KYC documents are required to be original, a branch-centric posture.[1][2]
Phone & 2FA†No published VoIP policyPasskey only
No explicit US-phone mandate published for account opening (unknown, not inferred), but the self-service SMS terms enumerate only 8 US carriers — the strongest published signal that codes-by-text is a US-carrier surface. Published phone-free paths: one-time codes by email, and browser passkeys ('a passkey lets you sign in to chase.com without typing in a password'); no authenticator-app (TOTP) support published. No VoIP policy published.[1][2][3]
Reading notes (6)
  • Several requirements cited here (acceptable ID forms, the US-address rule, originals-only documents, the OFAC-country note) come from Chase's personal-checking identification sheet dated 2024; Chase publishes no equivalent business-account document.
  • The US-address rule applies to one of the two required ID documents, and Chase's ID sheet presents having a US address before opening as advisable rather than a blanket documentary requirement.
  • Acceptance of foreign-owned US LLCs is inferred from Chase's KYC form fields (citizenship question for 10%+ owners, ITIN and passport acceptance); Chase publishes no statement that foreign-owned LLCs are accepted.
  • Chase publishes no restricted-country list; citizens of OFAC-sanctioned countries face additional ID requirements per the ID sheet. Absence of a published list does not indicate acceptance for any specific country.
  • Whether the online application flow accepts applicants with an ITIN only (no SSN) is not stated anywhere on chase.com.
  • No published statement on marketplace payout acceptance (e.g. Amazon, Stripe) was found.

Bank of America Small Business

Chartered bank
US residents/persons only
Entity requirement
Requires a US-formed entity with primary operations in the US; business tax ID (EIN) or SSN listed as application requirements for LLC business checking, per provider's application-requirements page.[1]
Owner residency & IDSSN required
SSN listed for everyone on the application, including 25%+ owners and the controlling manager; applicants are expected to be US residents and US-based; no ITIN substitute documented on official pages.[1]
Account railsDirect account at a chartered bank
Deposits held directly at a chartered national bank; deposit products provided by Bank of America, N.A. and affiliated Member-FDIC banks, not a partner-bank pass-through structure.[1]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
Receives international wires on two separate SWIFT codes depending on the currency of the incoming wire — BOFAUS3N for USD, BOFAUS6S for foreign currency — and states inbound wires may incur a $15 fee per wire.[1]
Card issuance†No published statement found
Business debit cards are appointment-gated (request via a small-business specialist) and no mailing-destination policy is published — unknown, not inferred. A 'digital card for debit' exists but is tethered to having ordered a physical card and is eligibility-gated — it is not a virtual-only path for abroad-resident owners.[1]
FDIC structure
Direct FDIC member bank: deposit products provided by Bank of America, N.A. and affiliated banks, Members FDIC and wholly owned subsidiaries of Bank of America Corporation, per the business checking disclosure.[1]
OnboardingConditional
Online, phone, and branch application channels published; online applications can complete the same day per provider. Foreign business customers are unable to apply, per the LLC application-requirements page.[1][2]
Phone & 2FA†No published VoIP policyHardware token
SMS one-time codes presume a US mobile number: BofA's own USB-security-key page frames the hardware key as the alternative 'if you don't have access to a U.S. mobile phone number' — the only bank in the dataset publishing an explicit no-US-number escape hatch. No TOTP app or passkey published for online banking; no VoIP policy published. (A sharper 'does not support international phone numbers' sentence exists only behind login on the security-center FAQ — T2, deliberately not cited as canonical.)[1]
Reading notes (2)
  • The country list in the provider's site Terms & Conditions (Cuba, Iran, Iraq, Libya, North Korea, Sudan, Syria) is website-access boilerplate, not an account-eligibility list; several listed countries are no longer under comprehensive US sanctions.
  • The foreign-customer exclusion is worded for the application process ('unable to apply at this time'); no published statement addresses whether a non-resident owner can open an account in person at a branch.

Wells Fargo Business Banking

Chartered bank
US residents/persons only
Entity requirement
Requires a US-registered business with government-registration documents; for an LLC, formation documents. A physical address is required — registered-agent, virtual, and PO/commercial-mailbox addresses are not accepted.[1]
Owner residency & IDSSN required
Per provider's business FAQ, every signer on a business account is required to provide a Social Security number; no ITIN alternative is published for business signers. Consumer accounts accept SSN or ITIN.[1][2]
Account railsDirect account at a chartered bank
Deposit accounts are held directly at Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., a national bank, with the bank's own state-based ABA routing numbers and account numbers.[1]
Receiving from abroad†Accepts inbound international wires
Receives wires denominated in many foreign currencies. The FX term is the notable one: Wells Fargo states an incoming foreign-currency wire is converted to USD at the applicable rate WITHOUT PRIOR NOTICE to the account holder, and an estimate must be requested from a banker before the wire arrives.[1]
Card issuance†No published statement found
Replacement business debit cards arrive in 5-7 calendar days; initial-issuance mailing destinations are unpublished (unknown, not inferred). The one published international-mailing fact: a replacement card can be mailed to your travel destination if lost while traveling abroad. No standalone virtual business debit card published (digital wallets supported).[1]
FDIC structure
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. is an FDIC member; deposit pages carry the footer disclosure that deposit products are offered by Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., Member FDIC.[1]
OnboardingConditional
Online application available for most business checking and savings accounts, subject to per-signer SSN and physical-address requirements; multi-owner businesses open in-branch, with notarized forms for absent owners.[1][2]
Phone & 2FA†VoIP numbers blocked (published)Hardware token
The only provider in the dataset with an explicit published VoIP block: 'Wells Fargo does not currently support text messages to landline or VoIP phones', and texts go 'to U.S.-based mobile numbers only' — international mobile numbers explicitly unsupported. Published phone-free alternative: RSA SecurID hardware token, which WF itself recommends 'when planning to travel abroad'. Other channels: push, voice call, email. No TOTP app or passkey published.[1][2]
Marketplace payouts
No published marketplace-payout statement; the business FAQ lists ACH credits and incoming wires among available deposit methods.[1]
Reading notes (4)
  • The address ban (no registered-agent, virtual, or PO/commercial-mailbox addresses) is a published rule for business deposit accounts; the provider's pages do not address foreign-owned single-member US LLCs specifically.
  • SSN-or-ITIN acceptance and the in-branch application path for non-permanent US residents apply to consumer (personal) accounts only; business accounts are governed by the per-signer SSN rule, with no published ITIN alternative for business signers.
  • The business required-documents page requires a physical address without stating it is a US address; the explicit physical-US-address requirement is published only for consumer accounts.
  • Wells Fargo publishes no restricted or prohibited country list for account opening; country-level rows reflect the absence of any published country-of-residence policy, not acceptance or restriction.

How this index is built

Every claim starts as a verbatim quote from a fetchable source — the provider's own help center, terms of service, or published country list (tier T1), an official provider blog or support statement (T2), or a dated user report (T3, labeled as such). A separate adversarial verification pass then re-fetched every source and discarded any claim whose quote was absent, misread its context, or overreached — 239 of 268 mined claims survived. Country cells are deliberately tri-state: a country absent from a provider's restricted list is reported as “no published restriction,” never converted into “accepted.”

Rows marked †(receiving from abroad, card issuance, phone & 2FA) were added after that pass by single-pass primary-source research — same quote-and-cite standard, but not yet through the adversarial re-verification the core went through, so they are excluded from the verified-claim count until the next quarterly release re-verifies them.

Provider policies change without notice, and application outcomes also depend on provider-side review of each business. This index documents what providers publish, as of the verification date — it is a map of published policy, not a prediction of any individual application outcome. Source pages are snapshotted to the Internet Archive at verification time. Full methodology: evidence basis.

Published under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0. Cite as: Global Solo Banking Access Index, globalsolo.global/data/banking-access-index, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21336393. If a claim conflicts with what you observe, write to jett@globalsolo.global with specifics — the index updates when new ground truth surfaces.

Related guides

Virtual account vs real US bank account
Why a routing number that looks real can still be rejected by marketplaces — the DDA vs virtual-wallet distinction this index documents per provider
US banking stacks by country
Country-specific banking guides for all 8 countries in this index
US banking for Nigerian founders
The hardest case in this index, in guide form: banking access plus the FIRS compliance layer
Non-Resident LLC Cost Index
The companion dataset: formation, state fees, compliance costs and penalties

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*Mercury is a fintech company, not an FDIC-insured bank. Banking services provided through Choice Financial Group and Column N.A., Members FDIC. FDIC deposit insurance covers the failure of an insured bank. Deposits in checking and savings accounts are FDIC-insured through Choice Financial Group and Column N.A. and their Sweep Program Network Banks. Certain conditions must be satisfied for pass-through FDIC insurance to apply.

Some providers in this index (including Mercury and Wise Business) have affiliate relationships with Global Solo on other pages of this site. Links in this index point to provider homepages and source documents only — no affiliate parameters. Inclusion, ordering, and cell values are determined by the published-evidence methodology above, not by commercial relationships.